.’,IzvestiiaAkademiiNaukSSSR,vol.31,no.1(1972),p.68;Bassin,‘ExpansionandColonialism’,pp.3–21.
14WilliamCoxe,TravelsintoPoland,Russia,SwedenandDenmark,4thedn,5vols.(London,1792),vol.3,pp.120–22.在18世纪末，除
考克斯，还有其他外国人也带着好奇和畏惧
心情看到鞭刑、残害和打烙印。SeethememoirsoftheJapanesecaptainKatsuragavKhosiu,Kratkievestioskitaniiakhvsevernykhvodakh,trans.V.M.Konstantinov(Moscow,1978),pp.187–8.
15E.Anisimov,Dybaiknut:politicheskiisyskirusskoeobshchestvovXVIIIveke(Moscow,1999),pp.498–500;CyrilBryner,‘TheIssueofCapitalPunishmentintheReignofElizabethPetrovna’,TheRussianReview,vol.49,no.4(October1990),pp.389–416;JohnP.LeDonne,AbsolutismandRulingClass:TheFormationoftheRussianPoliticalOrder,1700–1825(Oxford,1991),pp.216–17;AlanWood,‘SiberianExileintheEighteenthCentury’,Sibirica,vol.1,no.1(Summer1990),pp.45–6.
16AbbySchrader,LanguagesoftheLash:CorporalPunishmentandIdentityinImperialRussia(DeKalb,IL,2002),ch.1.
17Coxe,TravelsintoPoland,pp.129–30.
18P.A.Slovtsov,IstoricheskoeobozrenieSibiri.Stikhotvoren
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